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初中 英语语法 有哪些是比较重要的知识点呢?下面我整理分享，供参考。
初二英语语法重要知识点大全
宾语从句
结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)
1、引导名词性从句的连接词
(1)that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，宾语从句中不做成分。
(3)连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)
连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)
2、在做宾语从句的题目时应注意时态
(1)当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
(2)当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。
(3)当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。
say/speak/talk/tell
say：是最口语化的最普通的一个词，意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说的话。如：
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如：Can you speak about him? 你能不能说说他的情况?I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。
speak 作及物动词解时，只能和某种语言等连用，表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。
如：She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近，也着重说话的动作，而不着重所说的话，因此，一般也只用作不及物动词，不过，talk 暗示话是对某人说的，有较强的对话意味，着重指连续地和别人谈话。如：I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”,除较少情况外，一般后面总接双宾语。如：He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth 如：.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
学习英语语法的目的要回答这个问题，先简要讨论一下要不要学习英语语法的问题。这个问题，答案也许是很清楚的。主张英语语法可以不学的人往往这样说：我们中国人，如果智力正常，从小就会说汉语，能遣词造句，没见过哪个小孩先学语法再学话的。
再说，英语讲得多了，有了语感，语法还不是水到渠成的事。 这种实践出真知的说法，绝对是正确的。但我仍主张学一点英语语法。本人没受过很好的教育，更不懂高深的语言学习理论，但一直有这样的看法：在我们中国，百年都没有营造出正常情况下用正式英语交际的大氛围和小氛围。
所以难以在投入产出比符合经济效益的前提下培养出一定的英语语感。语法，实际上就是给你语言整体上的语感(规则)，既给你能解释语言现象的鱼，又教你如何用语感去钓语言深层的鱼。
宾语从句:
整个句子是一个动词或一个介词的宾语，这样的句子就叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是整个复合句的一部分，因此它的变化必然会受到前面主句的影响。在一般情况下，主句的时态如果是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态也必须作相应的调整，即由“一般现在时”变为“一般过去时”、 由“现在进行时”变为“过去进行时”、 由“现在完成时”变为“过去完成时”、 由“一般将来时”变为“过去将来时”。此外，还要根据句意，对其他各种词语作相应的调整，如：you → he；ago → before；next week → the next week，… 等。
但是，也有例外；即带有真理性质的“一般现在时”不变。“真理”通常有以下几种表达形式：1.宇宙、自然界的规律活动 2.类似于光速比音速快的固定法则 3.没有时间概念的词义或句意，如：He asked me what this word means.
“疑问句”作宾语从句时，要注意把词序作必要的调整，即要象肯定句和否定句那样，先写主语、后写谓语动词。因此，在宾语从句中不该有表示倒叙形式的助动词“do”、“does”、“did”。
例题解析:
( ) Please tell me _____ this afternoon.
A) that it rains B) that it will rain C) if it rains D) if it will rain
前句“Please tell me”带有疑问色彩，因此关联词要用疑问代词或疑问副词，或用也带有疑问色彩的从属连词“if”(是否)，不能选不带疑问色彩的从属连词“that”。再根据“this afternoon”(今天下午)之意，选表示经常下雨的“it rains”词语是不妥的。所以本题答案应该选“D”。
( ) I don’t think you will pass the history examination, _____?
A) do I B) don’t I C) will you D) won’t you
这是一句特殊的反意疑问句。因为按照语法说成“do I”是毫无意义和违背常情的，因此该句要根据从句中的动词来进行反问才合乎逻辑。所以本题答案应该选“C”。
( ) We haven’t discussed _____ we should do like that.
A) about if B) about how C) whether D) if
“discuss”是及物动词，与动词“serve”相仿，后面要直接跟宾语。“讨论关于……”是汉语中的习惯说法，学生往往会错误地选用“about”回答。因此，我们在学英语时，要特别注意汉语思路的干扰。“whether”、“if”都有“是否”之意，一般情况下可以通用。但是，在以下几种情况下都应该用“whether”：1.在句首作主语从句时。2. 与“… or not”连用成词组时。3.作介词后的宾语从句时。 4. 在“discuss”后作宾语从句时。 5. 跟不定式“to do…”时。所以本题答案应该选“C”。
( ) Could you tell me _____?
A) what was the matter with him B) what the matter was with him
C) what’s the matter with him D) what the matter is with him
这是句主谓语不需要调整的特殊的“宾语从句”，因此，只要注意时态的变化就可以了。由于“Could you …?”句型与“Would you …?”句型相仿，它是口语中表示客套的一种虚拟语气，不表达“过去时”，因此，后面从句中的动词不需要作调整，整个从句跟原来的疑问句的说法完全相同。所以本题答案应该选“C”。在英语中，这种特殊的“宾语从句”为数不多，再记一句“Which is the way to …?”与它相仿即可。
九.并列连词:
并列连词用于两个并列的简单句中。表示“承上启下”概念的有“and”(并且)、“so”(所以)……等。表示“两者取一”概念的有“or”(或者)、“otherwise”(否则)……等。表示“彼此矛盾”概念的有“but”(但是)、“while”(而)……等。
例题解析:
( ) It’s said Yang Liwei will come here tonight, _____ I’m not sure.
A) and B) however C) but D) so
后半句“I’m not sure”(我不信)与前句的句意有转折的意思，应该用表示具有转折意思的并列连词“but”才对。“and”是具有“承上启下”意思的并列连词；“so”是具有因果关系的并列连词。“however”(然而)也有转折意思，但是它是副词，用时要用逗号“，”撇开。
( ) The boy is too short to reach _____ the book _____ the magazine on the shelf.
A) both, and B) either, or C) neither, nor D) not, but
“both … and”通常用于表示肯定意思的句型，“not … but”意为“不是……而是”，用在这里都不妥。该句中句型“too … to”(太……而不能)本身带有否定含义，因而不能再选带有否定意思的“neither … nor”(既不……也不)了。所以本题答案应该选“B”，意为“男孩太矮，他既拿不到书架上的书，也拿不到书架上的杂志”。
( ) _____ Tom _____ Mary is busy. You’d better play with others.
A) Both, and B) Neither, nor C) Either, or D) Not only, but also
根据后句“You’d better play with others”(你最好跟别人玩)的意思，前句应该说两人都忙着。因此，该句不能选“Neither … nor”(表示两人都不忙)或“Either … or”(表示有一人忙)。由于该句中动词用的是单三形式“is”，因此不能选要求动词用复数形式的句型“both … and”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。 句型“Not only … but also”与句型“Either … or”和“Neither … nor”相仿；要求动词跟后面一个人称变化。
( ) Nobody else _____ I likes to watch it.
A) and B) or C) but D) nor
该句用的是“not … but”句型，所以本题答案应该选“C”。要注意句中的动词是根据前面人称“Nobody”变化的。此外，“together with”和“as well as”句型中的动词也是根据前面人称变化的。
十.关联词:
关联词用于主从复合句中。关联词有：从属连词“that”、“if”、“whether”、“although”；疑问代词“who”、“what”、“which”；疑问副词“when”、“why”……等。
例题解析:
( ) I will like everything _____ you are willing to buy for me.
A) that B) what C) if D) whether
“if”(假如、是否)和“whether”(是否)都不宜用在该句。该句的主句已有一个宾语“everything”，而从句却少了个宾语，要用关联词“that”才对。只有当主、从句都缺少宾语时，才该用关联词“what”。因此“what”意为“something that”、“all that”、“the word that”……等。所以本题答案应该选“A”。
( ) Although they are young, _____ they know how to serve _____ the customers.
A) but, / B) but, for C) / , / D) / , for
在英语中,“although”、“but”分别有“虽然……但是”的意思，在一句中不能重叠使用。与此相仿，“because”、“so”也分别有“因为……所以”之意，在一句中也不能重叠使用。后半句的“为那些顾客服务”不能加介词“for”；因为“serve”(服务于) 是及物动词，它应该直接跟宾语“the customers”(那些顾客)。所以本题答案应该选“C”。
( ) I wonder _____ he will come before 9:00 p.m..
A) what B) that C) when D) if
主句“I wonder”(我想知道)带有疑问色彩，因此，答案不能选不带疑问意思的关联词“that”。又由于后半句宾语从句对时间已有所交代，而且用的“come”是不及物动词，不宜跟宾语，因此，该句选“if”(是否)才对。所以本题答案应该选“D”。
( ) It’s _____ that I’d like to buy it.
A) so nice doll B) such nice doll C) such nice a doll D) so nice a doll
“so … that”和“such .. that”句型是由“that”作关联词的结果状语从句。“so”(那样地)是副词，用于修饰后面的副词或形容词；“such”(那样的)是形容词，用于修饰后面的名词。因此，“那样漂亮的一个洋娃娃”可译为“such a nice doll”或“so nice a doll”。 所以本题答案应该选“D”。同理，感叹句“他是多聪明的孩子啊！”可译为“What a clever child he is!”、“How clever the child is!”、“How clever a child he is!”。
希望能适合你~
这里只是初中的内容，应该算是比较全了
Merry Christmas&
Happy New Year!
初二英语语法知识
1.由that引导，由于that没有任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。
e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.
Tom says (that) he must study hard.
She told me (that) she was a student.
(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。
e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.
(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导，含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。
e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?
Can you tell me what they’re looking for?
I don’t know where she has gone.
I wonder how she can find us.
She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.
3.由从属连词whether和if引导，含有“是否，能否，对否，有否”等一般疑问意义。
e.g.She asked me if I could help her.
Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.
Please tell me whether you can come or not.
在这类宾语从句中要注意两点：
(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别
if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”，从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。
if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.
I don’t know if the letter is yours.
They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.
I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.
(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换，但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。
e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I want to know whether you can help me or not.
初二英语基础知识
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用?常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等?有“竟会”的意思例如：：How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today?
你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事?例如：
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服?你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物。但是what仅用来询问职业。如：
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于： What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：
Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指?所指的事物没有范围的限制，而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：
What color do you like best? 所有颜色
你最喜爱什么颜色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 有特定的范围
你最喜爱哪一种颜色?
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：
Which pictures are from China?
哪些来自中国?
初二英语必备知识点
1)will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall not=shan't例如：
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的`事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
Notice:be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)
5)现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时
go.come.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on.
she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.
6)一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
几种时态
1，一般现在时
2，一般过去时
3，一般将来时
4，现在进行时
还有几种词
1，名词
2，代词
3，形容词
4，动词
5，冠词
初一英语语法
1、名词
A)、名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一)在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas
二)x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios,photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese
七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks
八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同学,family家，家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies,pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors,woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸，卷子，论文,work工作works作品，工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡
十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs
十二)特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
一)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;Children’s Day六一节,Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词
人称主格宾格形容词名词性
第一人称单数I me my mine myself
复数we us our ours ourselves
第二人称单数you you your yours yourself
复数you you your yours yourselves
第三人称单数she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
复数they them their theirs these thosethemselves
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：
一)一般在词后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains
二)在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys
四)以o结尾加es。如：does,goes
五)特殊的有：are-is,have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如：big-bigger biggest,red-redder reddest,hot-hotter hottest
三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly mostfriendly),busy-busier busiest,easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)
good/well-better best many/much-more most bad/ill–worse worst
little-lessleast old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词 (基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth
今天的内容就介绍到这里了。
定语从句： She is the girl who can speak English very well.
这里的girl就是先行词， who是引导词
结构：主句+[引导词+主+谓+其他成分]+主句 /主句+[引导词+主+谓+其他成分]
这里的中括号里面就是从句了。从句修饰的是一个名词或者代词。这个被修饰的名、代叫做先行词。
我们常用的引导词有：who（主）whom（宾）whose（定）Which（主 宾皆可。依从句定）that（主 宾 that可代替which，who）
虽然他们都是由一个从句来做主句的某个部分，但是还是有差别。比如引导词，宾语从句的从句部分必须是陈述语序，还有定语从句的引导词必须在从句里做某个部分
1 、宾语从句：
如果一个句子作为动词或介词的宾语，称为宾语从句。
（1） 如果一个特殊疑问句作某个动词或介词的宾语，一定要用其陈述的语序。如： they often ask him where he is from.. 不能说成： they often ask him where is he from.
（2） 某些特殊疑问句作宾语可以简写成“特殊疑问句 +to do” 的形式。例如： i am thinking about what to say < what i should say.> 我正在考虑我该说点儿什么。
练习：
一， 选择题；
( )1,thanks a lot for---------me about it. a.to tell b.tell c.telling d.told
( )2.best wishes-------your birthday. a. for b.to c.on d.in
( )3.in england, people usually call james jim-------. a.shortly
b.for short c.easy d.easily
( )4. mother with her three children-----------going shopping.
a.are b.is c.will d.were
( )5. march 8 th is-----------.a.the womens day b.the womans day
c.womens day d.women day
二， 改错题：
（ ） 1.every here like english very much.
a b c d
( )2.mr wu is going to want me to give a talk.
a b c d
( )3.in england, you never cant put their family name first.
a b c d
( )4.i dont know why do people call me jim.
a b c d
( )5.id like to buy something for mr wu in teachersday.
a b c d
三、 单项选择：
（ ） 1.best wishes---------teachersday. a.to b.for c.of d.with
( )2.thank you for english fun. a.make b.to make c.makes d.making
( )3.in england , people never use the first name their family name.
a.before. b.in front of c.with d.after
( )4.the teacher didnt teach us in the last lesson.
a.new anything b,new something c.anything new d.something new
( )5.everyone is here. nobody is-----------
a.not away b,away c.not out d.go
( )6.his friends call jim short. a.he, for b.him, for c.him,in d.her,for
( )7.would you like to give us a-----------?
a.talking b.talk c.to talk d.talks
( )8.come to my office after school, tom. lets a talk about your
lessons.
( )9.----hi, tom. how is your father? -----oh,----------------
a.he is not tall b. he doesnt feel well c.he is old d.he is a teacher
( )10.david william lewis is called when we meet him for
the first time.
a.dave b.david c.mr lewis d.mr willian
( )11.rober thomas brow is my very good friend, so i usually call
him-------
a.mr brown b.rober browm c.bob d.mr robert
( )12. something about your family, ok?
a.say b.tell c.speak d.talk
( )13.you can call me bob, you should never call me mr bob.
a.but b.or c.and d./
( )14.in china, the first name is name.thats different english name.
a .family, with b.given, from c.family, from d.given ,with
( )15,im very glad the news.
a.hear b.to hear c.listen dlistening
( ) 16.what about to the great wall hotel ?
a.go b.to go c.goes d.goin 语法 :
2. 一般将来时 : be going to 结构的用法 :
(1) 用 be going to+ 动词原形表示 ” 将要发生的事情或主观上打算 , 计划 , 决定要做的事 . 其后的时间状语通常为表示短期或近期含义的短语或表示固定时间的从句 . 如 :tomorrow morning,/tomorrow afternoon /tomorrow evening, next month /next week /next year /next saturday, this week /year/afternoon/saturday. 或者 when you grow up---------? 等等
(2) be going to 结构中 ,be 是助动词 , 要按句中主语的人称和数的变化而变化 . 其后要接动词的原形 . 该句的否定式是在 be 后面加 not, 其疑问式将 be 提到句首 . 如 :she is going to help her mother clean the house this sunday./we are going to watch tv tomorrow evening. /are they going to have a sports meeting next month.? /there is going to be
an english call tomorrow afternoon..
(3), 在英语中 , 表示位置转移的动词 , 如 :come, go, fly, drive, leave, stay, 等 , 可用现在进行时表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 , 不必用 be going to 结构 . 如 :she is flying to nanjing herself. 明天她一个人飞往南京 . are you driving home ? 你开车回家吗 ?
练习：
单项选择题：
（ ） 1.what are you going to do friday evening ? a.in b.on c.at d.of
( )2.do you have to do every day ?
a..much work b.many work c.much works d.many works
( )3.what about meat for supper ?
a.to buy some b.to buy any c.buying some d.buying any
( )4. ann her hair this saturday .
a.wash b.washes c. to wash d.is going to wash
( )5.my school is near. i like walking there.
a.too b.quite c.quiet d.so
( )6. these new shoes are for .
a.you and i b.i and you c.you and me d.me and you
( )7. would you like boating ?
a.go b.to go c.going d.to go to
( )8. why not there by bus ?
a.to go b.goes c. go d .going
( )9. are you free next saturday ? ------------------.
a.sure b.i think so c .nothing much d.why
( )10.i s li ming good singing ?
a.at b.in c.on d. for
( )11.i have some books .
a.read b.reading c.to read d.to reading
( )12.a.re you going to stay at school on may day ? no, im not. .
a.im going to home b.im home c.im going home d. i go to home
( )13. kate has good friends at school.
a.a quite lot of b,quite a lot of c.quite a lot d.a quite of
( )14. its five miles the farm the bus stop .
a.from , to b.to, from c.from , with d.from ,by
( )15. our teacher likes us english in the morning .
a.to read b.reading c.read d.reads
( )16. they are going to play football next friday.
a.on b./ c.in d.at
( )17. lets now .
a.going to the park b.to play games c.are singing d.have a rest
3 . 形容词的比较级和最高级的用法：
(1) 表示两者之间的比较时用比较级，常用于“比较级 +than ”结构。如：
this box is heavier than that one . 这个盒子比那个重。
he is much taller than i < am > ,< 口语一般用 me >. 他比我高很多。通常可用 much, a little , a lot , still , even 等词修饰比较级。还可以用“数词 + 名词”构成的名词短语表示确定的度量，来修饰比较级。如：
i am ten years older than my little brother. 我比我的小弟弟大了十岁。
(2) 表示三者或三者以上的比较时用最高级，常用于“最 -----“.
最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the, 后面可带 of<in> 短语来说明比较的范围。如： the one with nuts is the nicest of all . 里面夹果仁的月饼是所有月饼中最好吃的。 li lei is the best at english in his class. 李雷在他们班英语学得最好。
此外，最高级还可以被序数词所修饰。如：
the yellow river is the second longest in china. 黄河是中国第二大长河。
一， 根据句意填入适当的词：
1,they are having tea the open air .
2,thank you very much your help.
3,would you like to come supper?
4,wu xia is the at chinese in her class.
5,this is a book many colour picture
6,our classroom is clean .it is cleaner yours.
7,this bottle is empty .may i have a one ?
8,what is the with your pen ? it is broken.
9, is the third season of a year.
二， 句子改写：
ma li lis ruler is longer than kates.( 变为一般疑问句 )
—— ma li lis ruler____,_____kates?
2,jims box is the heaviest of all.( 变为否定句 )
jims box _____the heaviest of all.
3,the black bag is the oldest of the four .( 对划线部分提问 )
_____ _____is the oldest of the four ?
4,li lei is thirteen. zhang hong is twelve.( 连成一句 )
li lei is one year____ _____zhang hong.
5,tom is the tallest boy in the class.( 同义句改写 )
tom is ____ than____ _____boy in the class.
6,he watches tv every evning.( 用 this evening 替换 every evening)
he _____ _____ _____ ______tv this evening.
三， 用所给的词的适当形式填空：
1,i have nothing_____(do) today.
2,is lucy running_____(slow) than lili ?
3,what kind of _____(duck) are you feeding now?
4,his hobby is____(is)an artist.
5,which do you think is______(beauty), the city or the country?
6can you hear something_______(sing) in the next room?
7,stop_____(play). now lets have our lesson.
8what _____(grow)on this farm?
9,now my brother is learning more about ______(draw).
10,riding a bike is much ______(easy).
四， 根据句意填上一个最恰当的词，使句子通顺，语法正确：
1,do you all agree____her? 2, the corn_____slowly.
3,i pick more pears than he_____. 4,why____come with us ?
5,which ____faster , a taxi or a bus ? 6,today she____to stay at
home. 7,my little dog is hungry. i must _____it.
8,my mother likes ____me some stories at weekend.
9,what are you going to do after you _____school?
10,i think the trees in shenyang is much fewer than____in dalia. 五，句型转换：
1,please walk guickly, or you will miss the train.
______ ______ _____walk guickly,you will miss the train.
2,do you have time this weekend? ____ you___this weekend?
3, lets have a rest ? ____ ____ ____a rest? ____ ____have a rest.
4, which is the way to the station, please ?
______ _____the station, please?
5,i dont know. i have _____ ______.
6,the post office is not inside the station.
the post office is______the station.
7,jim sits in front of bill. bill sits_____jim.
8,today some countries dont use animals to do farm work any more. today some countries____ _____use animals to do farm
work.
9,this pen is cheaper than any other one in the shop.
this pen is_____ ______in the shop.
五， 动词的适当形式填空：
1． listen! who______(sing) in the classroom?
2,may i_____(come)in? im sorry im late.
it_____(not, matter). come in ,please.
3.jim usually____(do) his homework at school,but he______
(do) it at home now .
4,we____(see)uncle wang tomorrow. would you like______
(go) with us ? 5,why not______(go) boating?
6.what about _______(go) on a picnic?
4 ．提建议的表达方法：
ⅰ、 shall i / we do( 动词原形 )------ ？表示“我 / 我们 ----- 好吗？” 例： shall we go to the zoo? 我们去动物园好吗？
ⅱ、 lets do( 动词原形 )------ 。表示“让我们做 ----- 吧”
例： lets make it half past one. 让我们定在一点半吧。
iii 、 why not do( 动词原形 )------ 表示“为什么不做 ----- 呢？”
例： why not give her some flowers? 为什么不送给她一些花呢？
5 ．怎样“表示需要”、“询问方向”和“指点方向”
i ．表示需要： 1.he needs some help . 2.you need a number 16 bus.
3.which number do i need ?
ii. 怎样“问路（询问方向）”：
1.e xcuse me. which is the way to the post office?
2.excuse me. can(could) you tell me the way to the park?
3.excuse me. can(could) you show me the way to the bookshop?
4.excuse me. do you know the way to the bank?
5.excuse me. how can i get to the farm ?
6.excuse me.can(could) you tell me how i can get to the hospital?
7.excuse me,can(could) you tell me where the theatre is?
8.excuse me.where is the nearest hospital, please?
iii. 怎样“指点道路”（指点方向）：
1 、 its over there on the right /left.
2 、 its next to /in front of /behind /outside the school.
3 、 walk along /do down this road.
4 、 take the first turning on the left /right.==turn left /right at the
first turning.
5、 ts about two hundred metres along on the left /right .
6、 ts about five kilometers away.
a) its about ten minutes ‘ walk from here.
b) the nearest is about three kilometers away. you need a no.1 bus.
c) take a no.3 bus on the right and get off at the sixth stop.
6. 序数词的用法：表示事物的顺序叫序数词。序数词往往与定冠词 the 连用。
（ 1 ）， 1----3 ，没有规律，要逐个记忆。
one first ; two second ; three third ;
(2). 4-----12. 有规律，其中 four, six , seven ,ten , eleven 是在基数词的后面加上 th, 而 five fifth , eight eighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth 是没有规律，要逐个记忆。
(3). 13------20 有规律，是在基数词的后面加上 th 就行。
（ 4 ）。第二十至第九十的整十的倍数都是在基数词后将词尾的 -y 改为 i, 再加 -eth 构成的。
（ 5 ），十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，把个位数变成序数词即可，十位数不变。第一百、第一千、第一百万都是在基数词的后面直接加上 -th 构成。
（ 6 ），序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。
附： 基数词变为序数词的口诀：
基变序，有规律，词尾加上 th ；
一、二、三，特殊记，词尾字母 t,d,d ;
八减 t , 九减 e, f 来把 ve 替；
单词 ty 作结尾， ty 变成 tie;
若是碰到几十几，只变个位就可以。
练习题：
一．听力： 20 分。 （四个类型）略。
二．笔试： 80 分。
《一》。 词汇：
a． 根据句子的意思及首字母提示，用适当的词填空：
1． w______back to school. 2.october comes after s_______.
3.there are many b______flowers in the park.
4.e______is the biggest animal on the land.
5.walk along this road, and take the fourth t_____on the right.
6.shall we meet o_____the school gate?
7.dont swim in the river. its d_______.
8.tigers usually live in the f______and the mountains.
9.its far from here.you had better c_____a bus .
d) thank you all the s______.
e) do you n____any help , miss black?
f) lets make it half past nine .no p_____.
g) this big box is too h______.i cant carry it .
h) jim often goes the w_____way .
i) i am very t______. shall i have a rest?
b. 按要求写出下列各词：
1. busy( 比较级 )______ 2.big( 最高级 )_______3.early( 比较级 )____4.nice( 最高级 )______5.beautiful( 比较级 )___________
6.good( 比较级 )______7.many( 最高级 )______8.slowly( 比较级 )_____9.five( 序数词 )_____10.one( 序数词 )_____11.two( 序数词 )_______12.three( 序数词 )______13.nine( 序数词 )______
14. twelve( 序数词 )_____15 .twenty( 序数词 )_____16. swim( 现在分词 )_____17. close( 形容词 )_____18. friend( 形容词 )______
19. wish( 复数 )______20. full( 反义词 )_____21. before( 反义词 )_____22. right( 同音词 )_____23. alse( 同义词 )______24. free( 反义词 )_____25. strong( 比较级 )______26.foot( 复数 )______27. run( 名词 )_____28. zoo( 复数 )_____29. play( 名词 )______30. quick( 副词 )______
c. 根据汉语提示，用单词的适当形式填空：
1． lucy is feeling much ______( 更好 )now.
2． this turkey ________( 尝起来 )fine.
2. miss li is __________( 讲 )children a story.
3. at night ,there are many ______( 星星 )in the sky.
4. he jumps_______( 最高 )at the sports meeting.
二．选择填空： 20 分。略。
三．改写句子：根据要求完成下列各句：
1. he is washing his clothes now.( 用 tomorrow 改写 )
he is _______ ______wash his clothes tomorrow.
2. he is taller than any other student in his class.( 变为同义句 )
he is______ _______in his class.
3. you had better go there on foot .( 改为否定句 )
you had ______ ______go there on foot.
4. they are going to leave on monday.( 划线部分提问 )
_______ _______they going to leave?
5. you usually come to school by bike.( 改为否定疑问句 )
_______you usually______to school by bike?
四．口语运用：从 b 栏中找出能与 a 栏配对的答语：
a b
( )1.what are you going to do next sunday? a.some bread.
( )2.shall we go to the zoo? b.some bread ,please.
( )3.when shall we meet? c.sorry ,im busy .
( )4.what about a quarter past ten ? d.nothing much.
( )5.what can you see on the table / e.at a quarter past ten.
( )6.what would you like ? f. no . lets make it a little earlier.
( )7.are you free tomorrow ? g.i think so.
( )8.could you go there with me tomorrow ? h.good idea.
( )9.what does it say ? i.dont feed the animals.
( )10. would you like to go to the cinema? j. yes, id love to.
五．动词填空：用所给的动词的适当形式填空：
1._______jim usually______(walk) to school ?
2.everyone _____( be) here. let the teacher ______(start) his lesson.
3.i have much homework________(do) and i must finish________(do)it first .
5. she usually ______(play) football on sundays,but now she _____(swim).
6. what ____he_________(do) tomorrow ?
六．补全对话：
a ; excuse me,______ _______a fruit shop near here ?
b; i am______i_______know. i am new here. you had better______that policeman_______there.
a; thank you ______the_____.
b:excuse me , ______the nearest fruit shop ,please?
c;sorry ,there isnt.
a:then ______ _______is the nearest one from here?
c: its_______seven kilometers________. you had better catch a bus.
a: which bus shall i take ,please ?
c: the no.105 bus. it will take you______there .
a; where is the bus stop ,please ?
c: go along this road , and then take the first turning on the right. you can see______in front of you .
a; thank you very much.
c: not at all.
七．看图完成对话：
kate: excuse me! _____can i
____ _____the nearest market ,please?
jill:_____ ______this street, and
______the third______on the ____.
then take the second turning on the _______.
its about _______ _____ _____along on the right.
kate: oh, i see. thanks a lot .
jill:its my pleasure.
八． 书面表达：
根据要求写一段对话：（看图写，不少与 50 个词）
henry is going to buy a dictionary.
he doesntknow the way to the bookshop .
so he asks sam to go with him .
but sam says he is busy. he shows henry
on the map .look at the map,and make a dialogue.
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